What is a Cockroach?
The word cockroach is taken from the Spanish cucaracha. The cockroach is recognizable by a flat oval body, long hairlike antennae, and a shiny black or brown leathery integument. The head is directed downward, and the mouthparts are directed to the back instead of forward or downward as is the case with most other insects. The male frequently has two pairs of wings, but the female, who in some species, is wingless or possesses vestigial wings. The female produces eggs in egg cases (known as oothecae). These are at times held protruding from her body or could be glued in protected places. After the female deposits an egg case, the soft, white nymphs emerge. As their exoskeleton hardens, it turns brown in colour. The geometry and large size (some species demonstrate a wing span of upwards of 12 cm [4.7 inches]) of cockroaches have become objects of area in the biological laboratory.
The cockroach enjoys a warm, humid, dark living and is more often than not located in tropical and other mild climates. Just a small number species have become pests. The insect harms more material than it digests and emits a disagreeable odour. The food of the roach, which can be both plant and animal product, ranges from food, paper, clothing, and books to dead insects, especially bedbugs. Insecticides should be utilized in roach termination.
The American cockroach (species Periplaneta americana) is 30 to 50 mm long (up to about 2 inches), reddish brown, and inhabits out of doors or in dark, heated indoor areas (e.g., basements and furnace rooms). In its adult life, a period of about 1.5 years, the female generates 50 or more oothecae, each containing usually 16 eggs that hatch after 45 days. Nymphal life takes from 11 to 14 months. The American cockroach, a native of tropical and subtropical America, possesses well-developed wings. However, most species tend not to be great at flying.
The German cockroach (Blattella germanica), a common pest in the house and sometimes incorrectly labeled a waterbug, is light brown with two dark stripes on the prothoracic region. The female deposits the ootheca three days from mating and carries it for about 20 days. Because it is tiny in size (about 12 mm [less than 0.5 inch] long), this cockroach generally is introduced into residences in grocery bags and boxes; it has been spread through the world by ship. Three or more generations could breed yearly. This cockroach, abundant throughout the water pipes of the Croton Aqueduct in New York City, became called the Croton bug.
The brown-banded cockroach (Supella supellectilium) is like the German cockroach but is even smaller. The male possesses completely developed wings and is brighter in shade than the female, whose wings are short and nonfunctional. Both sexes have two light-coloured bands over the back. The adult life span is generally about 200 days, and there could be two generations in a year. Eggs might be left in clothes, wood molding, or cracks in the floor. With the advent of heated buildings this cockroach became established in cooler climates.
The Oriental cockroach (Blatta orientalis) is held as one of the filthiest of household pests. It is oval, shiny black or dark brown, 25 to 30 mm (1 to 1.2 inches) long, with a life cycle similar to that of the American cockroach. The male has short, fully developed wings, while the female possesses vestigial wings. This cockroach has been taken by vehicles of trade from its Asiatic origins to all the temperate regions.
Wood roaches are feral pests. Parcoblatta pennsylvanica, the common wood cockroach, habits beneath logs and stones in northern latitudes. The male and female are so varied in appearance that they were initially considered different species. The male, 15 to 25 mm (0.6 to 1 inch) long, has wings that expand beyond the abdomen; the female is smaller and possesses much shorter wings. Cryptocercus punctulatus consumes wood with the help of select protozoans in its digestive tract.
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Posted by: Crane Data Logger 
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